Eminence Scan
Cases and enforcement
Court cases and regulator actions in which AI is central: copyright, privacy, discrimination, consumer protection, liability and securities. Claims in open cases are described as allegations.
Where
Records12–45–910 or moreNone
All records
xAI v. Colorado Attorney General (D. Colo.), with U.S. intervention — challenge to the Colorado AI Act (SB 24-205)
xAI sued in the U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado to block Colorado's AI Act (SB 24-205).
State of Texas v. Snap Inc. (Collin County Cause No. 366-00890-2026; removed to E.D. Tex. No. 4:26-cv-00277)
The Texas Attorney General sued Snap Inc.
Information Commissioner's Office investigation into X Internet Unlimited Company and X.AI LLC (Grok)
On February 3, 2026, the UK Information Commissioner's Office opened formal investigations into X Internet Unlimited Company and X.AI LLC over their processing of personal data in the Grok AI system, following reports that Grok was used to…
Concord Music Group, Inc. et al. v. Anthropic PBC, Dario Amodei and Benjamin Mann, No. 5:26-cv-00880 (N.D. Cal.) (Concord II)
The same music publishers filed a second suit against Anthropic on January 28, 2026, also naming CEO Dario Amodei and co-founder Benjamin Mann.
Chicago Tribune Company, LLC v. Perplexity AI, Inc., No. 1:25-cv-10094 (S.D.N.Y.)
The Chicago Tribune sued Perplexity AI in the Southern District of New York on December 4, 2025.
Woodard v. OpenAI, Inc. and Mixpanel, Inc., No. 3:25-cv-10301 (N.D. Cal.)
Jon Woodard filed a proposed class action on December 1, 2025, against OpenAI and its analytics vendor Mixpanel, alleging negligence, breach of implied contract and unjust enrichment after a November 2025 data breach at Mixpanel exposed Op…
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Microsoft Corporation and Microsoft Pty Ltd (Federal Court of Australia): Microsoft 365 Copilot Price Increase
On October 27, 2025, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission began proceedings in the Federal Court of Australia against Microsoft Corporation and its Australian subsidiary Microsoft Pty Ltd.
Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc., No. 2:25-cv-08376 (C.D. Cal.), consolidated into Disney Enterprises v. Midjourney
Warner Bros. Entertainment, DC Comics, Turner Entertainment, Hanna-Barbera Productions and The Cartoon Network sued Midjourney on September 4, 2025, for direct and secondary copyright infringement, alleging that Midjourney's service reprod…
Nikkei Inc. and The Asahi Shimbun Company v. Perplexity AI, Inc. (Tokyo District Court)
Nikkei and The Asahi Shimbun jointly sued Perplexity AI in the Tokyo District Court on August 26, 2025.
Massachusetts Attorney General: Earnest Operations LLC assurance of discontinuance (AI underwriting, fair lending)
On July 10, 2025, Massachusetts Attorney General Andrea Joy Campbell announced a $2.5 million settlement with Earnest Operations LLC, a Delaware-based student loan company, through an assurance of discontinuance filed in Suffolk County Sup…
Disney Enterprises Inc. v. Midjourney Inc., No. 2:25-cv-05275 (C.D. Cal.)
Disney, Universal and affiliated studios (Marvel, Lucasfilm, DreamWorks Animation, Twentieth Century Fox) sued Midjourney on June 11, 2025, alleging that its image generator reproduces their copyrighted characters, such as Darth Vader and…
TruDi Navigation System suits against Acclarent: Fernihough v. Acclarent, Inc., 4:25-cv-00525 (N.D. Tex.), and Erin Ralph's suit (Texas state court)
Two patients allege that Acclarent's TruDi Navigation System, a sinus-surgery navigation device to which artificial-intelligence features were added, misled their surgeon, Dr.
Clearview AI Inc. v. Alberta (Information and Privacy Commissioner), 2025 ABKB 287
Clearview AI sought judicial review of an Alberta Information and Privacy Commissioner order requiring it to stop collecting, using and disclosing images and biometric data of Albertans scraped from the internet, and challenged the provinc…
Young People's Alliance, Encode and Tech Justice Law Project complaint to the FTC about Replika (Luka, Inc.)
Three advocacy groups, the Young People's Alliance, Encode and the Tech Justice Law Project, filed a complaint and petition for investigation with the Federal Trade Commission in January 2025 asking it to investigate Luka, Inc., maker of t…
A.F., on behalf of J.F., and A.R., on behalf of B.R. v. Character Technologies, Inc., et al., No. 2:24-cv-01014 (E.D. Tex.)
Two Texas parents sued Character Technologies (Character.AI), its founders Noam Shazeer and Daniel De Freitas, Google and Alphabet in December 2024 on behalf of their minor children.
Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., et al., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.)
Megan Garcia and Sewell Setzer Jr., for the estate of their 14-year-old son Sewell Setzer III, sued Character Technologies (Character.AI), its founders Noam Shazeer and Daniel De Freitas, and Google in October 2024.
UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Suno, Inc., 1:24-cv-11611-FDS (D. Mass.); related UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Suno, Inc., 1:26-cv-14275 (D. Mass.)
Universal (UMG Recordings, Capitol), Sony Music Entertainment and Warner label entities sued Suno, Inc.
UMG Recordings v. Uncharted Labs (Udio), 1:24-cv-04777 (S.D.N.Y.) — continuing as Sony Music Entertainment v. Uncharted Labs
Universal, Sony and Warner record labels sued Uncharted Labs, which operates the Udio music generator, on June 24, 2024, in the Southern District of New York, alleging it copied their sound recordings to train its model.
Musk v. Altman, Brockman, OpenAI, Inc., et al., No. CGC-24-612746 (Cal. Super. Ct., San Francisco)
Elon Musk sued Sam Altman, Greg Brockman and OpenAI entities in San Francisco Superior Court on February 29, 2024, alleging breach of contract, promissory estoppel, breach of fiduciary duty and unfair business practices on the theory that…
Park v. Kim, 91 F.4th 610 (2d Cir. 2024), No. 22-2057
Minhye Park appealed the Eastern District of New York's August 2022 dismissal of her suit against David Dennis Kim for repeated, willful failure to comply with court orders.
The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corporation, OpenAI, Inc., et al., No. 1:23-cv-11195 (S.D.N.Y.), part of In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, MDL No. 3143
The New York Times sued Microsoft and OpenAI on December 27, 2023, alleging that they used Times content without permission to build and operate their generative-AI products, and asserting direct, vicarious and contributory copyright infri…
Federal Trade Commission v. Rite Aid Corporation and Rite Aid Hdqtrs. Corp., No. 2:23-cv-5023 (E.D. Pa.)
The FTC sued Rite Aid in December 2023, alleging that the retailer used facial recognition technology in hundreds of stores without reasonable procedures to prevent harm to consumers, and that it violated a 2010 FTC data security order by…
People v. Zachariah C. Crabill, 23PDJ067 (Colo. Presiding Disciplinary Judge)
Colorado attorney Zachariah C. Crabill drafted a motion to set aside a judgment in April 2023 using case citations he found through ChatGPT without reading or checking them, and filed it in May 2023.
Concord Music Group, Inc. et al. v. Anthropic PBC, No. 5:24-cv-03811 (N.D. Cal.) (Concord I)
Music publishers led by Concord, Universal Music and ABKCO sued Anthropic in October 2023, alleging that it copied lyrics to about 500 songs to train its Claude models and that Claude reproduces those lyrics, and asserting direct and secon…
Authors Guild v. OpenAI Inc., 1:23-cv-08292 (S.D.N.Y.), centralized in In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, MDL No. 3143
The Authors Guild and named authors, including John Grisham, Jodi Picoult, David Baldacci and George R.R.
Chabon et al. v. OpenAI, Inc. et al., 3:23-cv-04625 (N.D. Cal.), now part of MDL No. 3143 (S.D.N.Y.)
Authors Michael Chabon, David Henry Hwang, Matthew Klam, Rachel Louise Snyder and Ayelet Waldman filed this proposed class action against OpenAI in the Northern District of California on September 8, 2023; other authors, including Ta-Nehis…
Silverman et al. v. OpenAI, Inc. et al., 3:23-cv-03416 (N.D. Cal.), now part of MDL No. 3143 (S.D.N.Y.)
Sarah Silverman, Christopher Golden and Richard Kadrey filed this proposed class action against OpenAI entities in the Northern District of California on July 7, 2023.
Kadrey et al. v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 3:23-cv-03417-VC (N.D. Cal.)
Authors including Richard Kadrey, Sarah Silverman and Christopher Golden sued Meta in the Northern District of California on July 7, 2023, alleging that Meta copied their books, obtained from shadow libraries, to train its Llama models.
Tremblay et al. v. OpenAI, Inc. et al., 3:23-cv-03223 (N.D. Cal.), lead case of In re OpenAI ChatGPT Litigation, now part of MDL No. 3143 (S.D.N.Y.)
Authors Paul Tremblay and Mona Awad filed this proposed class action against seven OpenAI entities in the Northern District of California on June 28, 2023, alleging that OpenAI copied their books without permission to train the models behi…
Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., No. 23-A-04860-2 (Ga. Super. Ct., Gwinnett County)
Radio host Mark Walters sued OpenAI for defamation in the Superior Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia, after ChatGPT, asked by a journalist to summarize a complaint in an unrelated lawsuit, falsely stated that Walters had been accused of em…
Mobley v. Workday, Inc., 3:23-cv-00770-RFL (N.D. Cal.)
Derek Mobley, a Black job applicant over 40 with a disability, filed this proposed class action on February 21, 2023, alleging that Workday's AI-based applicant screening and recommendation tools discriminate on the basis of race, age and…
Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI (D. Del. 1:23-cv-00135, dismissed and refiled in N.D. Cal., 2025); Getty Images v Stability AI [2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch) (UK)
Getty Images sued Stability AI in the District of Delaware on February 3, 2023, alleging that Stability copied more than 12 million Getty photographs, with captions and metadata, without permission to train Stable Diffusion, and that outpu…
Garante per la protezione dei dati personali, injunction order against Luka Inc. (Replika chatbot), April 10, 2025
The Italian data protection authority ordered Replika's processing of Italian users' data blocked on February 2, 2023, and later investigated Luka Inc., the US company behind the generative AI companion chatbot.
Andersen et al. v. Stability AI Ltd. et al., No. 3:23-cv-00201 (N.D. Cal.)
Visual artists filed a proposed class action in January 2023 against Stability AI, Midjourney, DeviantArt and later Runway AI, alleging that the companies' image generators were trained on and can reproduce their copyrighted works.
Andersen et al. v. Stability AI Ltd. et al., 3:23-cv-00201-WHO (N.D. Cal.)
Artists Sarah Andersen, Kelly McKernan and Karla Ortiz filed this proposed class action on January 13, 2023, against Stability AI, Midjourney and DeviantArt; more artists and the defendant Runway AI were added later.
Huskey et al. v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Company, 1:22-cv-07014 (N.D. Ill.)
Jacqueline Huskey, later joined by Riian Wynn, brought this proposed class action under the Fair Housing Act on December 14, 2022, on behalf of Black homeowners insured by State Farm.
Doe 1 et al. v. GitHub, Inc. et al., 4:22-cv-06823-JST (N.D. Cal.); Ninth Circuit No. 24-7700
Anonymous programmers filed this proposed class action on November 3, 2022, against GitHub, Microsoft and OpenAI entities, alleging that GitHub Copilot and OpenAI Codex, trained on public GitHub code, reproduce licensed code without the at…
United States v. Meta Platforms, Inc., f/k/a Facebook, Inc., 1:22-cv-05187 (S.D.N.Y.)
After a HUD charge of discrimination, the Justice Department sued Meta on June 21, 2022, alleging that its housing advertising system discriminated under the Fair Housing Act, including through ad-delivery algorithms that relied in part on…
EEOC v. iTutorGroup, Inc., 1:22-cv-02565 (E.D.N.Y.)
The EEOC sued iTutorGroup, Inc., Tutor Group Limited and Shanghai Ping'An Intelligent Education Technology in the Eastern District of New York on May 5, 2022, under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act.
Commissioner of Patents v Thaler [2022] FCAFC 62 (DABUS, Australia)
Stephen Thaler applied for an Australian patent naming his AI system DABUS as the inventor.
Mata v. Avianca, Inc., 1:22-cv-01461 (S.D.N.Y.); sanctions opinion reported at 678 F. Supp. 3d 443 (2023)
Roberto Mata sued Avianca in New York state court on February 2, 2022, over a knee injury from a serving cart on a 2019 flight; Avianca removed the case to the Southern District of New York on February 22, 2022.
Hogan v. Amazon.com, Inc. (originally B.H. v. Amazon.com, Inc.), 1:21-cv-03169 (N.D. Ill.)
This putative class action alleges that Amazon violated the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act by scanning the face geometry of people in photos uploaded to Amazon Photos without informed written consent, and using the data to impr…
Benavides v. Tesla, Inc., 1:21-cv-21940 (S.D. Fla.); on appeal, No. 26-10858 (11th Cir.)
Neima Benavides, for the estate of Naibel Benavides Leon, and Dillon Angulo sued Tesla over an April 2019 crash in Key Largo, Florida, in which a 2019 Model S driven by its owner with Autopilot engaged hit a parked SUV that then struck the…
Thaler (DABUS) v. Commissioner of the Korean Intellectual Property Office (Korea)
Stephen Thaler's PCT patent application naming his AI system DABUS as the sole inventor entered the Korean national phase on May 17, 2021.
Taylor v. Nocco, 8:21-cv-00555 (M.D. Fla.)
Four Pasco County residents (Dalanea Taylor, Tammy Heilman, Darlene Deegan and Robert A.
Thaler v. Vidal, 43 F.4th 1207 (Fed. Cir. 2022); E.D. Va. No. 1:20-cv-00903; cert. denied, No. 22-919 (2023)
The USPTO refused Stephen Thaler's patent applications because they named only his AI system, DABUS, as the inventor.
ACLU v. Clearview AI, Inc. (Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois)
The ACLU, the ACLU of Illinois, the Chicago Alliance Against Sexual Exploitation, Sex Workers Outreach Project Chicago, Illinois PIRG and Mujeres Latinas en Acción sued Clearview AI in Cook County on May 28, 2020, represented by the ACLU,…
Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. ROSS Intelligence Inc., 1:20-cv-00613 (D. Del.); interlocutory appeal No. 25-2153 (3d Cir.)
Thomson Reuters and West Publishing sued ROSS Intelligence in the District of Delaware on May 6, 2020, alleging that ROSS copied Westlaw headnotes to train a competing AI legal-research tool.
State v. Loomis, 2016 WI 68, 881 N.W.2d 749 (Wis. 2016), No. 2015AP157-CR; cert. denied, No. 16-6387 (2017)
Eric Loomis challenged his La Crosse County sentence because the circuit court had considered a COMPAS risk assessment, a proprietary algorithmic tool whose methodology was not disclosed to him.
In re Facebook Biometric Information Privacy Litigation, 3:15-cv-03747-JD (N.D. Cal.); Patel v. Facebook, Inc., No. 18-15982 (9th Cir. 2019)
Illinois Facebook users led by Nimesh Patel, Adam Pezen and Carlo Licata brought a class action, consolidated in the Northern District of California in 2015.
K.G.M. v. Meta Platforms, Inc., et al. (P.F., et al. v. Meta Platforms, Inc., et al., No. 23SMCV03371; JCCP 5255 Social Media Cases)
First bellwether trial in California's coordinated social media adolescent addiction proceeding (JCCP 5255, Los Angeles County Superior Court, Judge Carolyn B.
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