HB 452 (2025) — Artificial Intelligence Amendments (mental health chatbots)

Summary

Utah HB 452, Artificial Intelligence Amendments (Laws of Utah 2025, chapter 269), signed on March 25, 2025, and effective May 7, 2025, added a chapter on mental health chatbots (Utah Code 13-72a). Suppliers of generative-AI chatbots that a reasonable person would believe can provide mental health therapy must tell users the chatbot is AI and not a human before access, may not advertise products or services during conversations unless disclosed, and may not sell or share users' individually identifiable health information. Suppliers that keep documentation and a written policy on safeguards have an affirmative defense. The Division of Consumer Protection enforces the chapter, with fines of up to $2,500 per violation.

Key dates

1. March 25, 2025Enacted
2. May 7, 2025Takes effect
3. October 16, 2026Checked against sources
4. October 21, 2026Checked against sources

Developments are added when the record is reviewed. Next review: October 16, 2027.

Evidence

Each passage is quoted from its source. The quoted passages are re-checked against the live pages every month.

1. HB 452 Artificial Intelligence Amendments

   Supports: Official title; listed among bills acted on by the Governor (2025 General Session, under the March 25, 2025, heading)

   Bills — Governor Spencer J. Cox Office of the Governor of Utah Primary source

2. House Bill (H.B.) 452 (chapter 269) added the mental health chatbot chapter.

   Supports: Chapter and effect

   Tell the user a mental health chatbot is AI, before access A mental health chatbot supplier § 13-72a-203

   Supports: Disclosure duty

   The mental health chatbot chapter uses the same amounts (section 13-72a-204).

   Supports: Penalties

   An administrative fine, meaning a fine set by the agency itself, of up to $2,500 per violation.

   Supports: Penalty amount

   Utah AI Law Explained From the Statute: What Is in Force Now Vaquill Reporting or analysis

3. Business Obligations: Suppliers of mental health chatbots must refrain from advertising any products or services during user interactions unless explicitly disclosed

   Supports: Advertising restriction

   Governor Cox signed several bills related to the governance of generative Artificial Intelligence systems into law

   Supports: Signed in March 2025

   Chatbots in Check: Utah's Latest AI Legislation Future of Privacy Forum Reporting or analysis